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Saturday, August 25, 2018

Kubernetes Terminology

Kubernetes Master:- The master nodes in the kubernetes is a node which controls all the other nodes in the cluster. There can be several of those master nodes in a cluster if its said to be highly available or there can only be 1 if you got a single node cluster than that node will always going to be a master node.

Kube-Apiserver:- Is the main part of the cluster which answer all the apicalls. This uses the key value store for storing the configuration of other persistent storage such as ETCD.

ETCD:- Etcd is open source distributed key value store that provides the shared onfiguration and service discovery for the containers linux clusters. etcd runs on each machine in a cluster and gracefully handles the leader election during the network partitions and loss of the current leader. It is responsible for storing and replicating all kubernetes cluster state.

Service Discovery:- It is the automatic detection of the devices and services offerentby the devices on a computer network which uses service discovery protocol (SDP) which is network protocol that helps accompllish service discovery that aims to reduce the configuration effort from users.

Kube-Scheduler:- IT is reponsible for pods and there requisite containers which are going to come up on the cluster.Kube-Scheduler needs to take into account individual and collective resource requirements, hardware/software/policy constraints,data locality, interworkload interferene and so on. Workload specific requirements will be exposed through the API as necessary.

Cloud-Controller-Manager:- It is a daemon that embeds cloud-specific control loops. Since cloud provider develop and release at a different pace compared to the kubernetes project, abstracting the provider-specific code to the cloud-controller-manager binary allows cloud vendors to evolve independently from the core kubernetes code. It is responsible for persistent storage, routes for networking.

Control loop:- In application of automation, a control loop is a non terminating loop that regulates the state of the system.

Kube-Controller-Manager:- It is a daemon which embeds the control loop which ships with the kubernetes. It is a control loop that watches the shared state of the cluster through the apiserver and makes changes attempting to move the current state towards the desired state. For e.g. Kubernetes uses replication controller, endpoint controller, namespace controller and serviceaccounts controller. Kube-Controller manager can use the Cloud-Controller manager to expose them to the cloud.

Node:- It was previously refered to as the minions. Node is worker machine in kubernetes and it can be VM or physical machine depending on the cluster. Each node contains services necessary to run pods and is managed by the master components. The service on a node include the container runtime, kubelet and kube-proxy.

Kubelet:- Kubelet is the primary "node agent" which runs on each node and works in terms of PodSpec. A PodSpec is a YAML or Json object that describes a pod. The Kubelet takes a set of PodSpecs that are provided through various mechanisms primarily through the KubeApiserver and ensures the containers running in those PodSpecs are running and healthy.

Kube-proxy:- It runs on each node in the cluster. This reflects services as defined in the Kubernetes API on each node and can do simple TCP and UDP stream forwarding/RoundRobin across a set of the backends. Service cluster IPs and ports are currently found through Docker-links-compatible-environment variables specifying the ports opened by the service proxy. There is an optional addon that provides cluster DNS for these cluster IPs. The user must create a service with apiserver API to configure the proxy.

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